OK, so this particular piece clearly does NOT qualify as “timely”. Hey, they can’t all be “time critical, table-pounding, you must act now” missives. In any event, as part of a larger project regarding trends and seasonality in the market, I figured something out – we “quantitative analyst types” refer to this as “progress.”
So here goes.
The Month of October in the Stock Market
The month of October in the stock market is something of a paradox. Many investors refer to it as “Crash Month” – which is understandable given the action in 1929, 1978, 1979, 1987, 1997, 2008 and 2018. Yet others refer to it as the “Bear Killer” month since a number of bear market declines have bottomed out and/r reversed during October. Further complicating matters is that October has showed:
*A gain 61% of the time
*An average monthly gain of +0.95%
*A median monthly gain of +1.18%
Figure 1 displays the monthly price return for the S&P 500 Index during every October starting in 1945.
Figure 1 – S&P 500 Index October Monthly % +(-)
Figure 2 displays the cumulative % price gain achieved by holding the S&P 500 Index ONLY during the month of October every year starting in 1945.
Figure 2 – S&P 500 Index Cumulative October % +(-)
So, you see the paradox. To simply sit out the market every October means giving up a fair amount of return over time (not to mention the logistical and tax implications of “selling everything” on Sep 30 and buying back in on Oct 31). At the same time, October can be a helluva scary place to be from time to time.
One Possible Solution – The Decennial Pattern
In my book “Seasonal Stock Market Trends” I have a section that talks about the action of the stock market across the average decade. The first year (ex., 2010) is Year “0”, the second year (ex., 2011) is Year “1”, etc.
In a nutshell, there tends to be:
The Early Lull: Often there is weakness starting in Year “0” into mid Year “2”
The Mid-Decade Rally: Particularly strong during late Year “4” into early Year “6”
The 7-8-9 Decline: Often there is a significant pullback somewhere in the during Years “7” or “8” or “9”
The Late Rally: Decades often end with great strength
Figures 3 and 4 display this pattern over the past two decades.
(Charts courtesy of WinWayCharts)
Figure 3 – Decennial Pattern: 2010-2019
(Charts courtesy of WinWayCharts)
Figure 4 – Decennial Pattern: 2000-2009
Focusing on October
So now let’s look at October performance based on the Year of the Decade. The results appear in Figure 5. To be clear, Year 0 cumulates the October % +(-) for the S&P 500 Index during 1950, 1960, 1970, etc. Year 9 cumulates the October % +(-) for the S&P 500 index during 1949, 1959, 1969, 1979, etc.
Figure 5 – October S&P 500 Index cumulative % +(-) by Year of Decade
What we see is that – apparently – much of the “7-8-9 Decline” takes place in October, as Years “7” and “8” of the decade are the only ones that show a net loss for October.
Let’s highlight this another way. Figure 6 displays the cumulative % return for the S&P 500 Index during October during all years EXCEPT those ending “7” or “8” versus the cumulative % return for the S&P 500 Index during October during ONLY years ending in “7” or “8”.
Figure 6 – S&P 500 cumulative October % +(-); Years 7 and 8 of decade versus All Other Years of Decade
For the record:
*October during Years “7” and “8” lost -39%
*October during all other Years gained +196%
Summary
So, does this mean that October is now “green-lighted” as bullish until 2027? Not necessarily. As always, that pesky “past performance is no guarantee of future results” phrase looms large.
But for an investor looking to maximize long-term profits while also attempting to avoid potential pain along the way, the October 7-8 pattern is something to file away for future reference.
Jay Kaeppel
Disclaimer: The information, opinions and ideas expressed herein are for informational and educational purposes only and are based on research conducted and presented solely by the author. The information presented does not represent the views of the author only and does not constitute a complete description of any investment service. In addition, nothing presented herein should be construed as investment advice, as an advertisement or offering of investment advisory services, or as an offer to sell or a solicitation to buy any security. The data presented herein were obtained from various third-party sources. While the data is believed to be reliable, no representation is made as to, and no responsibility, warranty or liability is accepted for the accuracy or completeness of such information. International investments are subject to additional risks such as currency fluctuations, political instability and the potential for illiquid markets. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. There is risk of loss in all trading. Back tested performance does not represent actual performance and should not be interpreted as an indication of such performance. Also, back tested performance results have certain inherent limitations and differs from actual performance because it is achieved with the benefit of hindsight.
I haven’t written a lot lately. Mostly I guess because there doesn’t seem to be a lot new to say. As you can see in Figure 1, the major market indexes are in an uptrend. All 4 (Dow, S&P 500, Russell 2000 and Nasdaq 100) are above their respective 200-day MA’s and all but Russell 2000 have made new all-time highs.
As you can see in Figure 2, my market “bellwethers” are still slightly mixed. Semiconductors are above their 200-day MA and have broken out to a new high, Transports and the Value Line Index (a broad measure of the stock market) are holding above their 200-day MA’s but are well off all-time highs, and the inverse VIX ETF ticker ZIV is in a downtrend (ideally it should trend higher with the overall stock market).
As you can see in Figure 3, Gold, Bonds and the U.S. Dollar are still holding in uptrends above their respective 200-day MA’s (although all have backed off of recent highs) and crude oil is sort of “nowhere”.
Like I said, nothing has really changed. So, at this point the real battle is that age-old conundrum of “Patience versus Complacency”. When the overall trend is clearly “Up” typically the best thing to do is essentially “nothing” (assuming you are already invested in the market). At the same time, the danger of extrapolating the current “good times” ad infinitum into the future always lurks nearby.
What we don’t want to see is:
*The major market averages breaking back down below their 200-day MA’s.
What we would like to see is:
*The Transports and the Value Line Index break out to new highs (this would be bullish confirmation rather the current potentially bearish divergence)
The Importance of New Highs in the Value Line Index
One development that would provide bullish confirmation for the stock market would be if the Value Line Geometric Index were to rally to a new 12-month high. It tends to be a bullish sign when this index reaches a new 12-month high after not having done so for at least 12-months.
Figure 4 displays the cumulative growth for the index for all trading days within 18 months of the first 12-month new high after at least 12-months without one.
Figure 4 – Cumulative growth for Value Line Geometric Index within 18-months of a new 12-month high
Figure 5 displays the cumulative growth for the index for all other trading days.
Figure 5 – Cumulative growth for Value Line Geometric Index during all other trading days
In Figure 4 we see that a bullish development (the first 12-month new high in at least 12 months) is typically followed by more bullish developments. In Figure 5 we see that all other trading days essentially amount to nothing.
Figure 6 displays the Value Line Geometric Index with the relevant new highs highlighted.
The trend at this very moment is “Up.” So sit back, relax and enjoy the ride. Just don’t ever forget that the ride WILL NOT last forever. If the Value Line Geometric Index (and also the Russell 2000 and the Dow Transports) joins the party then history suggests the party will be extended. If they don’t, the party may end sooner than expected.
So pay attention.
Jay Kaeppel
Disclaimer: The information, opinions and ideas expressed herein are for informational and educational purposes only and are based on research conducted and presented solely by the author. The information presented does not represent the views of the author only and does not constitute a complete description of any investment service. In addition, nothing presented herein should be construed as investment advice, as an advertisement or offering of investment advisory services, or as an offer to sell or a solicitation to buy any security. The data presented herein were obtained from various third-party sources. While the data is believed to be reliable, no representation is made as to, and no responsibility, warranty or liability is accepted for the accuracy or completeness of such information. International investments are subject to additional risks such as currency fluctuations, political instability and the potential for illiquid markets. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. There is risk of loss in all trading. Back tested performance does not represent actual performance and should not be interpreted as an indication of such performance. Also, back tested performance results have certain inherent limitations and differs from actual performance because it is achieved with the benefit of hindsight.
I keep seeing headlines about the “imminent” re-emergence of commodities as a viable investment as an asset class. And as I wrote about here, I mostly agree wholeheartedly that “the worn will turn” at some point in the years ahead, as commodities are historically far undervalued relative to stocks.
The timing of all of this is another story. Fortunately, it is a fairly short and simple story. In a nutshell, it goes like this:
*As long as the U.S. Dollar remains strong, don’t bet heavy on commodities.
The End
Well not exactly.
The 2019 Anomaly
The Year 2019 was something of an anomaly as both the U.S. Dollar and precious metals such as gold and silver rallied. This type of action is most unusual. Historically gold and silver have had a highly inverse correlation to the dollar. So, the idea that both the U.S. Dollar AND commodities (including those beyond just precious metals) will continue to rise is not likely correct.
Commodities as an Asset Class
When we are talking “commodities as an asset class” we are talking about more than just metals. We are also talking about more than just energy products.
The most popular commodity ETFs are DBC and GSG as they are more heavily traded than most others. And they are fine trading vehicles. One thing to note is that both (and most other “me too” commodity ETFs) have a heavy concentration in energies. This is not inappropriate given the reality that most of the industrialized world (despite all the talk of climate change) still runs on traditional fossil fuel-based energy.
But to get a broader picture of “commodities as an asset class” I focus on ticker RJI (ELEMENTS Linked to the Rogers International Commodity Index – Total Return) which diversifies roughly as follows:
Agriculture 40.90%
Energy 24.36%
Industrial Metals 16.67%
Precious Metals 14.23%
Livestock 3.85%
Note that these allocations can change over time, but the point is that RJI has much more exposure beyond the energy class of assets than alot of other commodity ETFs.
RJI vs. the Dollar
As a proxy for the U.S. Dollar we will use ticker UUP (Invesco DB US Dollar Index Bullish Fund). Figure 1 displays the % gain/loss for UUP (blue line) versus RJI (orange line) since mid-2008.
Figure 1 – UUP versus RJI; Cumulative Return using weekly closing prices; May-2008-Sep-2019
*Since May of 2008 UUP has gained +17.2%
*Since May of 2008 RJI has lost -60%
The correlation in price action between these two ETFs since 2008 is -0.76 (a correlation of -1.00 means they are perfectly inverse), so clearly there is (typically) a high degree of inverse correlation between the U.S. dollar and “commodities”.
Next, we will apply an indicator that I have dubbed “MACD4010501” (Note to myself: come up with a better name). The calculations for this indicator will appear at the end of the article (but it is basically a 40-period exponential average minus a 105-period exponential average). In Figure 2 we see a weekly chart of ticker UUP with this MACD indicator in the top clip and a weekly chart of ticker RJI in the bottom clip.
Figure 2 – UUP with Jay’s MACD Indicator versus ticker RJI (courtesy WinWayCharts )
Interpretation is simple:
*when the MACD indicator applied to UUP is declining, this is bullish for RJI
*when the MACD indicator applied to UUP is rising, this is bearish for RJI.
Figure 3 displays the growth of equity achieved by holding RJI (using weekly closing price data) when the UUP MACD Indicator is declining (i.e., RJI is bullish blue line in Figure 3) versus when the UUP MACD Indicator is rising (i.e., RJI is bearish orange line in Figure 3).
Figure 3 – RJI cumulative performance based on whether MACD indicator for ticker UUP is falling (bullish for RJI) of rising (bearish for RJI)
In sum:
*RJI gained +45.8% when the UUP MACD indicator was falling
*RJI lost -72.3% when the UUP MACD indicator was rising
The bottom line is that RJI rarely makes much upside headway when the UUP MACD Indicator is rising (i.e., is bearish for RJI).
Summary
Commodities as an asset class are extremely undervalued on a historical basis compared to stocks. However, the important thing to remember is that “the worm is unlikely to turn” as long as the U.S. Dollar remains strong.
So, keep an eye on the U.S. Dollar for signs of weakness. That will be your sign that the time may be coming for commodities.
FYI: Code for Jay’s MACD4010501 Indicator (WinWayCharts TradingExpert EDS)
The indicator is essentially a 40-period exponential average minus a 105-period exponential average as shown below:
Define ss3 40.
Define L3 105.
ShortMACDMA3 is expavg([Close],ss3)*100.
LongMACDMA3 is expavg([Close],L3)*100.
MACD4010501 is ShortMACDMA3-LongMACDMA3.
Jay Kaeppel
Disclaimer: The information, opinions and ideas expressed herein are for informational and educational purposes only and are based on research conducted and presented solely by the author. The information presented does not represent the views of the author only and does not constitute a complete description of any investment service. In addition, nothing presented herein should be construed as investment advice, as an advertisement or offering of investment advisory services, or as an offer to sell or a solicitation to buy any security. The data presented herein were obtained from various third-party sources. While the data is believed to be reliable, no representation is made as to, and no responsibility, warranty or liability is accepted for the accuracy or completeness of such information. International investments are subject to additional risks such as currency fluctuations, political instability and the potential for illiquid markets. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. There is risk of loss in all trading. Back tested performance does not represent actual performance and should not be interpreted as an indication of such performance. Also, back tested performance results have certain inherent limitations and differs from actual performance because it is achieved with the benefit of hindsight.
As the primary currency recognized around the globe, the U.S. Dollar is pretty important. And the trend of the dollar is pretty important also. While a strong dollar is good in terms of attracting capital to U.S. shores, it makes it more difficult for U.S. firms that export goods. One might argue that a “steady” dollar is generally preferable to a very strong or very weak dollar.
Speaking of the trend of the dollar, a lot of things move inversely to the dollar. In fact, one can typically argue that as long as the dollar is strong, certain “assets” will struggle to make major advances. These include – commodities in general, metals specifically, foreign currencies (obviously) and international bonds (strongly).
Let’s first take a look at the state of the dollar.
Ticker UUP
For our purposes we will use the ETF ticker UUP ( Invesco DB US Dollar Index Bullish Fund) to track the U.S. Dollar. Figure 1 displays a monthly chart and suggests that UUP just ran into – and reversed at least for now – in a significant zone of resistance.
Which way will things go? It beats me. But I for one will be keeping a close eye on UUP versus the resistance levels highlighted in Figures 1 and 2. So will traders of numerous other securities.
Inverse to the Buck
Figure 4 displays the 4-year weekly correlation for 5 ETFs to ticker UUP (a correlation of 1000 means they trade exactly the same a UUP and a correlation of -1000 means they trade exactly inversely to UUP).
Figure 4 – 4-Year Correlation to ticker UUP (Courtesy WInWayCharts)
In the following charts, note the inverse relationship between the dollar (UUP on the bottom) and the security in the top chart. When the dollar goes way down they tend to go way up – and vice versa.
Note also that in the last year several of these securities went up at the same time the dollar did. This is a historical anomaly and should not be expected to continue indefinitely.
Figure 5 – Ticker DBC (Invesco DB Commodity Index Tracking Fund) vs. UUP (Courtesy WInWayCharts)
Figure 8 – Ticker BWX (SPDR Bloomberg Barclays International Treasury Bond) vs. UUP (Courtesy WInWayCharts)
Figure 9 – Ticker IBND (SPDR Bloomberg Barclays International Corporate Bond) vs. UUP (Courtesy WInWayCharts)
Figure 10 – Ticker FXE (Invesco CurrencyShares Euro Currency Trust) vs UUP (Courtesy WInWayCharts)
Summary
If the dollar fails to break out of it’s recent resistance area and actually begins to decline then commodities, currencies, metals and international stocks and bonds will gain a favorable headwind. How it all actually plays out, however, remains to be seen.
So keep an eye on the buck. Alot is riding on it – whichever way it goes.
Jay Kaeppel
Disclaimer: The data presented herein were obtained from various third-party sources. While I believe the data to be reliable, no representation is made as to, and no responsibility, warranty or liability is accepted for the accuracy or completeness of such information. The information, opinions and ideas expressed herein are for informational and educational purposes only and do not constitute and should not be construed as investment advice, an advertisement or offering of investment advisory services, or an offer to sell or a solicitation to buy any security.
As usual, you can pretty much see whatever you want to see in today’s stock market. Consider the major indexes in Figure 1, displayed along with their respective 200-day moving averages.
If you “want to” be bullish, you can focus on the fact that all 4 of these major indexes are presently above their respective 200-day moving averages. This essentially defines an “uptrend”; hence you can make a bullish argument.
If you want to be “bearish”, you can focus on the “choppy” nature of the market’s performance and the fact that very little headway has been made since the highs in early 2018. This “looks like” a classic “topping pattern” (i.e., a lot of “churning”), hence you can make a bearish argument.
To add more intrigue, consider the 4 “market bellwethers” displayed in Figure 2.
(NOTE: Previously I had Sotheby’s Holdings – ticker BID – as one my bellwethers. As they are being bought out, I have replaced it with the Value Line Arithmetic Index, which has a history of topping and bottoming prior to the major indexes)
The action here is much more mixed and muddled.
*SMH – for any “early warning” sign keep a close eye on the semiconductors. If they breakout to a new high they could lead the overall market higher. If they breakdown from a double top the market will likely be spooked.
*TRAN – The Dow Transports topped out over a year ago and have been flopping around aimlessly in a narrowing range. Not exactly a bullish sign, but deemed OK as long as price holds above the 200-day moving average.
*ZIV – Inverse VIX is presently below it’s 200-day moving average, so this one qualifies as “bearish” at the moment.
*VAL-I – The Value Line Index is comprised of 1,675 stocks and gives each stock equal weight, so is a good measure of the “overall” market. It presently sits right at its 200-day moving average, however – as you can see in Figure 3 – it is presently telling a different story than the S&P 500 Index.
Figure 3 – S&P 500 trending slightly higher, Value Line unweighted index trending lower (Courtesy WinWayCharts.com)
The Bottom Line
OK, now here is where a skilled market analyst would launch into an argument regarding which side will actually “win”, accompanied by roughly 5 to 50 “compelling charts” that “clearly show” why the analysts’ said opinion was sure to work out correctly. Alas, there is no one here like that.
If the question is, “will the stock market break out to the upside and run to sharply higher new highs or will it break down without breaking out to new highs?”, I sadly must default to my standard answer of, “It beats me.”
Here is what I can tell you though. Instead of relying on “somebody’s opinion or prediction” a much better bet is to formulate and follow an investment plan that spells out:
*What you will (and will not) invest in?
*How much capital you will allocate to each position?
*How much risk you are willing to take with each position?
*What will cause you to exit with a profit?
*What will cause you to exit with a loss?
*Will you have some overarching “trigger” to cause you to reduce overall exposure?
*And so on and so forth
If you have specific answers for the questions above (you DO have specific answers, don’t you?) then the correct thing to do is to go ahead and follow your plan and ignore the myriad prognostications that attempt to sway you one way or the other.
Jay Kaeppel
Disclaimer: The data presented herein were obtained from various third-party sources. While I believe the data to be reliable, no representation is made as to, and no responsibility, warranty or liability is accepted for the accuracy or completeness of such information. The information, opinions and ideas expressed herein are for informational and educational purposes only and do not constitute and should not be construed as investment advice, an advertisement or offering of investment advisory services, or an offer to sell or a solicitation to buy any security.
One of the best pieces of advice I ever got was this: “Don’t tell the market what it’s supposed to do, let the market tell you what you’re supposed to do.”
That is profound. And it really makes me wish I could remember the name of the guy who said it. Sorry dude. Anyway, whoever and wherever you are, thank you Sir.
Think about it for a moment. Consider all the “forecasts”, “predictions” and “guides” to “what is next for the stock market” that you have heard during the time that you’ve followed the financial markets. Now consider how many of those actually turned out to be correct. Chances are the percentage is fairly low.
So how do you “let the market tell you what to do?” Well, like everything else, there are lots of different ways to do it. Let’s consider a small sampling.
Basic Trend-Following
Figure 1 displays the Dow Industrials, the Nasdaq 100, the S&P 500 and the Russell 2000 clockwise form the upper left. Each displays a 200-day moving average and an overhead resistance point.
The goal is to move back above the resistance points and extend the bull market. But the real key is for them to remain in an “uptrend”, i.e.,:
*Price above 200-day MA = GOOD
*Price below 200-day MA = BAD
Here is the tricky part. As you can see, a simple cross of the 200-day moving average for any index may or may not be a harbinger of trouble. That is, there is nothing “magic” about any moving average. In a perfect world we would state that: “A warning sign occurs when the majority of indexes drop below their respective 200-day moving average.”
Yet in both October 2018 and May 2019 all four indexes dropped below their MA’s and still the world did not fall apart, and we did not plunge into a major bear market. And as we sit, all four indexes are now back above their MA’s. So, what’s the moral of the story? Simple – two things:
The fact remains that major bear markets (i.e., the 1 to 3 year -30% or more variety) unfold with all the major averages below their 200-day moving averages. So, it is important to continue to pay attention.
Whipsaws are a fact of life when it comes to moving averages.
The problem then is that #2 causes a lot of investors to forget or simply dismiss #1.
Here is my advice: Don’t be one of those people. While a drop below a specific moving average by most or all the indexes may not mean “SELL EVERYTHING” now, it will ultimately mean “SEEK SHELTER” eventually as the next major bear market unfolds. That is not a “prediction”, that is simply math.
The Bellwethers
I have written in the past about several tickers that I like to track for “clues” about the overall market. Once again, nothing “magic” about these tickers, but they do have a history of topping out before the major averages prior to bear markets. So, what are they saying? See Figure 2.
SMH (semiconductor ETF): Experienced a false breakout to new highs in April, then plunged. Typically, not a good sign, but it has stabilized for now and is now back above its 200-day MA.
Dow Transports: On a “classic” technical analysis basis, this is an “ugly chart.” Major overhead resistance, not even an attempt to test that resistance since the top last September and price currently below the 200-day MA.
ZIV (inverse VIX ETF): Well below it’s all-time high (albeit well above its key support level), slightly above it’s 200-day MA and sort of seems to be trapped in a range. Doesn’t necessarily scream “SELL”, but the point is it is not suggesting bullish things for the market at the moment.
BID (Sotheby’s – which holds high-end auctions): Just ugly until a buyout offer just appeared. Looks like this bellwether will be going away.
No one should take any action based solely on the action of these bellwethers. But the main thing to note is that these “key” (at least in my market-addled mind) things is that they are intended to be a “look behind the curtain”:
*If the bellwethers are exuding strength overall = GOOD
*If the bellwethers are not exuding strength overall = BAD (or at least not “GOOD”)
A Longer-Term Trend-Following Method
In this article I detailed a longer-term trend-following method that was inspired by an article written by famed investor and Forbes columnist Ken Fisher. The gist is that a top is not formed until the S&P 500 Index goes three calendar months without making a new high. It made a new high in May, so the earliest this method could trigger an “alert” would be the end of August (assuming the S&P 500 Index does NOT trade above it’s May high in the interim.
Jay Kaeppel
Disclaimer: The data presented herein were obtained from various third-party sources. While I believe the data to be reliable, no representation is made as to, and no responsibility, warranty or liability is accepted for the accuracy or completeness of such information. The information, opinions and ideas expressed herein are for informational and educational purposes only and do not constitute and should not be construed as investment advice, an advertisement or offering of investment advisory services, or an offer to sell or a solicitation to buy any security.
